Debian Reference

Go to ddoc.chubig.net to read the Debian reference in English or German, in the version currently available from Debian Stable. :)

Short Hints

Some of these may be totally outdated, while others may involve great risks. Some do both. Use at your own risk!

Clone a hard drive

Machine to clone:
dd if=<hdd> | gzip -c | nc -vv -n -w 10 <target_ip> <target_port>
Target:
nc -l -vv -p <target_port> > `date +%Y-%m-%d`.full.img.gz

Print out dd status

dd dumps out its status when receiving a SIGUSR1:
kill -SIGUSR1 <dd_pid>

Load german keymap

loadkeys de-latin1

Fix your MS-DOS/Win[9x/Me] master boot record

Boot from your installation cd or something similar and run
fdisk /mbr

Necessary when installing the Canon IP4200

ln -s /usr/lib/libtiff.so.4 /usr/lib/libtiff.so.3
(see also)

Setting a packet to hold

echo <name> hold |dpkg --set-selections

Install a TrueType-Font on Debian

Necessary: libft-perl defoma x-ttcidfont-conf
defoma-hints -c --no-question truetype <PathToFonts>/* >/etc/defoma/hints/<some name>.hints
defoma-font register-all /etc/defoma/hints/<some name>.hints
defoma-reconfigure
xset fp rehash
Taken from tuxknowledge.org

Build a Debian-Package

HOWTO on Linux.com

Resize images

for file in *original.jpg; do newfile=$(echo ${file}-400); convert $file -resize 400 -quality 100 $newfile; done

Convert m4a-files to mp3 with ffmpeg

for i in $(ls *m4a); do ffmpeg -i $i -ab 128k $(echo $i | sed \'s/m4a/mp3/g\'); done && rm *m4a

Keybindings

as configured on my local system, YMWV (your mileage will vary).

-- Global --

Alt+F?			Switch to workspace ?
Alt+r			Run application
Alt+t			Run a terminal
Alt+e			Run Emacs
XF86Launch1		Launch Qalculate
Print			Screenshot
Shift-Print		Screenshot of the current window

Alt+F11			Toggle fullscreen mode
Alt+space		Toggle window maximization
Alt+↓			Maximize window vertically
Alt+→			Maximize window horizontally
Alt+Ctrl+←		Move window one workspace to the left
Alt+Ctrl+→		Move window one workspace to the rigt
Alt+escape		Close window
Alt+m			Move window (with mouse)
Alt+n			Resize window (with mouse)
Alt+b			Shade window
Alt+Tab			Switch between windows
Ctrl+Tab		Switch between desktop and panels
XF86Back		Switch to workspace on the left
XF86Forward		Switch to workspace on the right

XF86AudioPlay		Play/Pause MPD
XF86AudioNext		Next song in MPD
XF86AudioPrev		Previous song in MPD
XF86AudioStop		Stop playing in MPD
Shift+Alt+r		Toggle random in MPD
Ctrl+Alt+↑		Volume up in MPD
Ctrl+Alt+↓		Volume down in MPD
Shift+Alt+s		Show song

-- Pidgin --
- conversation window --
Alt+?			Switch to tab ?
Ctrl+c			Clear scrollback
Ctrl+n			Send file
- both --		
Ctrl+l			View user log
Ctrl+m			New chat message
Ctrl+i			Get user info
- contact list --
Ctrl+a			Account management
Ctrl+p			Preferences
Ctrl+u			Plugins
Ctrl+s			Mute sounds

-- Gnome-Terminal --
Alt+?			Switch to tab ?
Shift+Ctrl+t		New tab
Shift+Ctrl+w		Close tab
Shift+Ctrl+q		Close window
Ctrl+PgUp		Next tab
Ctrl+PgDown		Previous tab
Shift+Ctrl+PgUp		Move tab right
Shift+Ctrl+PgDown	Move tab left
Shift+Ctrl+v		Paste
Shift+Ctrl+c		Copy

-- Claws-Mail --
- main window -
Ctrl+F5			Get messages from all accounts
Ctrl+i			Get messages from current account
Ctrl+m			New message
Ctrl+a			Address book
Ctrl+l			Network log
F11			Toggle fullscreen
Ctrl+w			Work offline
Ctrl+q			Quit

Ctrl+t			Toggle threaded view
p			Go to previous message
n			Go to next message
Shift+p			Go to previous unread message
Shift+n			Go to next unread message
Ctrl+↑			Go to parent message
/			Search in folder

Ctrl+Alt+s		Message is spam
Ctrl+Alt+h		Message is ham
Shift+Ctrl+f		Forward message
Ctrl+o			Move message
Shift+Ctrl+o		Copy message
Shift+!			Mark message as unread
Shift+*			Mark message
u			Unmark message
Ctrl+0			Remove colour labels
Ctrl+?			Set colour label
Shift+Ctrl+t		Set tag
Shift+Ctrl+a		Add sender to address book
Ctrl+h			Toggle all headers
Ctrl+f			Search in message
Ctrl+p			Print message
Ctrl+u			List URIs in current message
Ctrl+r			Rot-13 selected text

-- Opera --
Ctrl+n			New browser window
Ctrl+Shift+t		New tab
Ctrl+F5			Reload all tabs
Ctrl+PgUp		Next tab
Ctrl+PgDown		Previous tab
F4			Toggle panel
Shift+F6		Tile vertically
Shift+F5		Tile horizontally
Ctrl+Space		Maximize all
Ctrl+Shift+w		Close window
F11			Toggle fullscreen

F5			Reload tab
Ctrl+w			Close tab
Ctrl+Alt+w		Close all tabs
Ctrl+Alt+Shift+w	Close all other tabs
F8			Focus address field
F9			Focus page
F7			Focus personal bar

Ctrl+o			Open document
Ctrl+s			Save document
Ctrl+Alt+s		Save document as…
Ctrl+p			Print document
Ctrl+F3			View source
Ctrl+Return		Wand
Ctrl+b			Paste + Enter
.			Find inline
,			Find URL inline
Ctrl+g			Find next
Ctrl+Shift+g		Find previous
x			Forward
y			Back
Backspace		Back

- history tab -
Enter			Open link
Shift+Enter		Open link in new page
Ctrl+Shift+Enter	Open link in new background page
- transfers tab -
Enter			Open item

-- EMACS -- 		Alt := Alt
Ctrl+x g		Go to line
Ctrl+x f		Search
Ctrl+s			Search forwards
Ctrl+r			Search backwards
Ctrl+u			Move backwards one word
Ctrl+o			Move forwards one word
Ctrl+x w		Where am I?
Alt+$			Spellcheck word
Alt+x ispell-buffer	Spellcheck buffer

Ctrl+x r		Replace string
Ctrl+t			Kill current word
Ctrl+k			Kill whole line
Ctrl+Space		Set mark
Ctrl+x Ctrl+x		Switch mark and current location
Ctrl+w			Kill region between last mark and current location
Alt+w			Copy region between last mark and current location
Ctrl+y			Insert last item of killring
Alt+y			Replace last yank with previous item of the killring

Alt+u			Uppercase word
Alt+l			Lowercase word
Alt+c			Capitalize word
Ctrl+x Ctrl+u		Uppercase region
Ctrl+x Ctrl+l		Lowercase region

Alt+e			Hippie-expand
Ctrl+h			Delete backwards char, replacing tabs with spaces

Ctrl+x Ctrl+f		Open file
Ctrl+x Ctrl+s		Save buffer
Ctrl+x s		Save all buffers
Ctrl+x i		Insert from file
Ctrl+x Ctrl+v		Replace current content with another file
Ctrl+x Ctrl+m		Set unmodified-flag
Ctrl+x Ctrl+r		Toggle read only

Ctrl+c c		Compile (in C-mode)
Ctrl+x m		Command line
Ctrl+x Ctrl+u		Open a shell
Ctrl+x t		Set text mode

Ctrl+x 1		Delete all other windows
Ctrl+x 2		Split horizontally
Ctrl+x 3		Split vertically
Ctrl+x o		Switch to other window
Ctrl+x ^		Grow window vertically
Ctrl+x {		Shrink window horizontally
Ctrl+x }		Grow window horizontally

Ctrl+c ]		LaTeX close last environment
Ctrl+c Ctrl+e		Insert environment
Ctrl+e			TeX-complete
Ctrl+c Ctrl+c 		Compile, View, Print etc. in LaTeX
Ctrl+c v		View PDF